KCNA practice test

1. Question 1 · 1

   What native runtime is Open Container Initiative (OCI) compliant?

   Choose one answer.

   • runC
   • runV
   • kata-containers
   • gvisor

2. Question 2 · 1

   What function does kube-proxy provide to a cluster?

   Choose one answer.

   • Implementing the Ingress resource type for application traffic.
   • Forwarding data to the correct endpoints for Services.
   • Managing data egress from the cluster nodes to the network.
   • Managing access to the Kubernetes API.

3. Question 3 · 1

   Which of these events will cause the kube-scheduler to assign a Pod to a node?

   Choose one answer.

   • When the Pod crashes because of an error.
   • When a new node is added to the Kubernetes cluster.
   • When the CPU load on the node becomes too high.
   • When a new Pod is created and has no assigned node.

4. Question 4 · 1

   Which resource do you use to attach a volume in a Pod?

   Choose one answer.

   • StorageVolume
   • PersistentVolume
   • StorageClass
   • PersistentVolumeClaim

5. Question 5 · 1

   Which key-value store is used to persist Kubernetes cluster data?

   Choose one answer.

   • etcd
   • ZooKeeper
   • ControlPlaneStore
   • Redis

6. Question 6 · 1

   What Linux namespace is shared by default by containers running within a Kubernetes Pod?

   Choose one answer.

   • Host Network
   • Network
   • Process ID
   • Process Name

7. Question 7 · 1

   What is a Dockerfile?

   Choose one answer.

   • A bash script that is used to automatically build a docker image.
   • A config file that defines which image registry a container should be pushed to.
   • A text file that contains all the commands a user could call on the command line to assemble an image.
   • An image layer created by a running container stored on the host.

8. Question 8 · 1

   What does the "nodeSelector" within a PodSpec use to place Pods on the target nodes?

   Choose one answer.

   • Annotations
   • IP Addresses
   • Hostnames
   • Labels

9. Question 9 · 1

   What do Deployments and StatefulSets have in common?

   Choose one answer.

   • They manage Pods that are based on an identical container spec.
   • They support the OnDelete update strategy.
   • They support an ordered, graceful deployment and scaling.
   • They maintain a sticky identity for each of their Pods.

10. Question 10 · 1

    What is the practice of bringing financial accountability to the variable spend model of cloud resources?

    Choose one answer.

    • FaaS
    • DevOps
    • CloudCost
    • FinOps

11. Question 11 · 1

    What is a best practice to minimize the container image size?

    Choose one answer.

    • Use a DockerFile.
    • Use multistage builds.
    • Build images with different tags.
    • Add a build.sh script.

12. Question 12 · 1

    How long should a stable API element in Kubernetes be supported (at minimum) after deprecation?

    Choose one answer.

    • 9 months
    • 24 months
    • 12 months
    • 6 months

13. Question 13 · 1

    Which tools enable Kubernetes HorizontalPodAutoscalers to use custom, application-generated metrics to trigger scaling events?

    Choose one answer.

    • Prometheus and the prometheus-adapter.
    • Graylog and graylog-autoscaler metrics.
    • Graylog and the kubernetes-adapter.
    • Grafana and Prometheus.

14. Question 14 · 1

    Which of the following is a valid PromQL query?

    Choose one answer.

    • SELECT * from http_requests_total WHERE job=apiserver
    • http_requests_total WHERE (job="apiserver")
    • SELECT * from http_requests_total
    • http_requests_total(job="apiserver")

15. Question 15 · 1

    Which of the following best describes horizontally scaling an application deployment?

    Choose one answer.

    • The act of adding/removing node instances to the cluster to meet demand.
    • The act of adding/removing applications to meet demand.
    • The act of adding/removing application instances of the same application to meet demand.
    • The act of adding/removing resources to application instances to meet demand.

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